INTRODUCTION
Mesopotamia - The Land Between The Two Rivers
The Cradle of Civilization is in the region of Mesopotamia that is the area between the two rivers Euphrates and Tigris, and includes Iraq, Northern Jordan, parts of eastern Syria, (Lebanon), Kuwait, southeastern Turkey and western Iran.
These countries are well known as the countries between the two rivers.
They are also the countries in which the first societies known had emerged and developed, and from where the basic three religions were sourced.
Later it developed to include the Near and Middle East lands, which included the Nile Valley in Egypt, the Indus Valley in India and the Yellow River Valley in China.
Great Dynasties established, ruled and either vanished or developed into further civilizations; Samarra, Halaf, Ubaid, Uruk, Akkadia, Ur, Assyria, Babylonia, Hittite, Achamenida, Parsia and many others.
The earliest language was the Sumerian, then the Semetic then the Akkadian then the Aramaic.
Mesopotamians were first to develop industrial tools and materials to improve their social lives, facilitate their trading methods and strengthen their military force.
They invented metal tools, glass making tools, textile making machines, weaving tools.
They built dams, water storage tanks and irrigation systems.
They used copper, bronze iron and gold to make their military armors.
They invented the sexagesimal numeral system, which is the source of 60 minutes/hour and 24 hours/day, 7days/week, 30 days/months, 12 months/year calendar, created the 360 degree circle and mastered in map making.
Mesopotamian people worshiped many Gods through their history, and told legendary tales about those Gods in a mythical way, the echoes of which are still banging till now.
Because of the different religions and powers, Mesopotamia became a battle field where different civilizations and their relevant empires clash, to conquer.
To Be Continued .......
Sami Cherkaoui
No comments:
Post a Comment